A proteolytic enzyme complex from pineapple stems that aids protein digestion and supports joint and tissue comfort.
What it is
Bromelain is a complex mixture of thiol endopeptidases and non-proteolytic enzymes extracted from the stem and fruit of the pineapple plant (Ananas comosus). In oral supplements, stem bromelain is standardized based on enzymatic activity expressed in Gelatin Digesting Units (GDU) or Milk Clotting Units (MCU). It functions effectively across a broad pH spectrum (4.5 to 9.8), digesting dietary proteins in both acid and alkaline environments.
Also known as: Ananas comosus enzyme
What it does
- Cleaves internal peptide bonds in dietary proteins into smaller peptides and absorbable amino acids.
- Supports joint mobility and tissue recovery by modulating inflammatory signaling pathways.
- Helps reduce intestinal discomfort and fullness following protein-dense meals.
- Maintains healthy sinus and respiratory mucosal barrier clearance.
Amplified by probiotics
Bromelain and live probiotics exhibit mutual physiological complementarity throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Bromelain hydrolyzes complex food proteins into bioactive oligopeptides and free amino acids, providing essential nitrogenous growth factors for intestinal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains. Concurrently, probiotic bacteria attenuate intestinal mucosal inflammation and strengthen tight junction proteins (such as occludin and ZO-1). By reducing epithelial permeability and localized inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6), probiotics protect the gut mucosa while bromelain modulates systemic inflammatory responses via kininogen breakdown. Live probiotics also modulate intestinal pH to favor optimal protease stability and transport across enterocytes.
Typical dose
100–500 mg/day
The evidence
Evidence: strongHuman trials demonstrate that bromelain enhances protein hydrolysis, decreases post-exercise muscle soreness, and reduces joint stiffness. Systematic reviews highlight its oral bioactivity and potent anti-inflammatory effects in musculoskeletal and digestive health (Brien et al. 2004, Evid Based Complement Alternat Med; Pavan et al. 2012, Biotechnol Res Int).
Safety & who should check first
Generally well-tolerated at recommended intakes; may cause mild digestive upset or allergic reactions in individuals with pineapple allergy. May enhance absorption of certain antibiotics and blood-thinning medications.